FIELD: information technology.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to techniques for encoding characteristics signalling for video data encoding. Method of video data encoding is disclosed. Method involves a step of determining for video data unit of set of most probable internal prediction modes to predict video data unit from available internal prediction modes for video data unit prediction in which a set of most probable internal prediction modes has size equal to predefined number which is greater or equal to two. Further according to method encoding of value representing actual internal prediction mode for mentioned unit is done based on at least partially fact whether actual internal prediction mode is added to a set of most probable internal prediction modes. And unit encoding is done using actual internal prediction mode.EFFECT: technical result is improved efficiency of signalling of internal prediction encoding mode used for mode of internal video data unit encoding.49 cl 8 dwg 9 tbl