1. An information data multiplex transmission system for inserting a plurality of kinds of information data into one packet and conducting multiplex transmission,
characterized in that a transmitting side generates a plurality of header information pieces, each of said plurality of header information pieces including a multiplex code indicating disposition positions in the packet according to kinds of information data inserted in said packet and including error detection bits for detecting a receiving error of the multiplex code, causes each header information piece to include error correction data making the header information piece independently restorable, inserts header information pieces in predetermined positions of said packet so as to space apart them from each other, and inserts said plurality of kinds of information data in positions of said packet indicated by said multiplex code.', 'characterized in that a transmitting side generates a plurality of header information pieces, each of said plurality of header information pieces including a multiplex code indicating disposition positions in the packet according to kinds of information data inserted in said packet and including error detection bits for detecting a receiving error of the multiplex code, causes each header information piece to include error correction data making the header information piece independently restorable, inserts header information pieces in predetermined positions of said packet so as to space apart them from each other, and inserts said plurality of kinds of information data in positions of said packet indicated by said multiplex code.

2. An information data multiplex transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that multiplexing is effected while conducting so as to make all packets have a predetermined length.

3. An information data multiplex transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that a receiving side extracts one out of a plurality of header information pieces inserted in a packet, conducts error detection and error correction, and, if error correction is impossible, extracts another header information piece and conducts error detection and error correction, and repetitively executes processing of extracting another header information piece and conducting error detection and error correction for all header information pieces until errorless header information piece is reproduced.

4. An information data multiplex transmission system according to claim 3, characterized in that if all header information pieces cannot be corrected in error, all header information pieces are subjected together to error correction processing using a concatenated code.

5. An information data multiplex transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that
when said header information piece includes a packet marker representing a continuation state between packets, a multiplex code field specifying kinds of information data inserted in the packet, and a header error control field having an error detection function,
a transmitting side comprises means for inserting a plurality of said packet markers in the header information piece repetitively; and
a receiving side comprises means for conducting a majority decision on said plurality of packet markers and reproducing one correct packet marker.', 'when said header information piece includes a packet marker representing a continuation state between packets, a multiplex code field specifying kinds of information data inserted in the packet, and a header error control field having an error detection function,', 'a transmitting side comprises means for inserting a plurality of said packet markers in the header information piece repetitively; and', 'a receiving side comprises means for conducting a majority decision on said plurality of packet markers and reproducing one correct packet marker.

6. An information data multiplexing apparatus of a transmitting apparatus used in an information data multiplex transmission system for inserting a plurality of kinds of information data into one packet and conducting multiplex transmission, characterized in that said information data multiplexing apparatus comprises:
an information content estimation means for estimating information amounts respectively of said plurality of kinds of information data;
a multiplex code generation means for generating a first multiplex code indicating disposition positions within the packet on the basis of the information amounts of respective information data estimated by said information content estimation means, and further generating a second multiplex code having a fixed relation with said first multiplex code;
a header information generation means for adding error detection and correction code data for detecting and correcting receiving errors to each of the first and second multiplex codes generated by said multiplex code generation means and thereby generating first and second header information; and
a packet generation means for storing the information data to be transmitted in the packet together with said first and second header information on the basis of said multiplex codes.', 'an information content estimation means for estimating information amounts respectively of said plurality of kinds of information data;', 'a multiplex code generation means for generating a first multiplex code indicating disposition positions within the packet on the basis of the information amounts of respective information data estimated by said information content estimation means, and further generating a second multiplex code having a fixed relation with said first multiplex code;', 'a header information generation means for adding error detection and correction code data for detecting and correcting receiving errors to each of the first and second multiplex codes generated by said multiplex code generation means and thereby generating first and second header information; and', 'a packet generation means for storing the information data to be transmitted in the packet together with said first and second header information on the basis of said multiplex codes.

7. An information data multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that said second multiplex code is a parity of said first multiplex code.

8. An information data multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that said error detection and correction code data is a convolutional code.

9. An information data multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that said error detection and correction code data is a Hamming code

10. An information data multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that said packet generation means stores said first and second header information in an identical packet

11. An information data multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that said packet generation means stores said first and second header information in different packets

12. An information data multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that said multiplex code generation means determines the multiplex codes so as to make all packets have a predetermined length

13. An information data demultiplexing apparatus of a receiving apparatus used in an information data multiplex transmission system for inserting a plurality of kinds of information data into one packet and conducting multiplex transmission, characterized in that said information data demultiplexing apparatus comprises:
when first and second header information pieces having a multiplex code indicating disposition positions in the packet according to said plurality of kinds of information data and error detection and correction code data for detecting and correcting receiving errors of the multiplex code are stored in said packet, and said plurality of information data are stored in positions of said packet indicated by said multiplex code,
a header information extraction means for selectively extracting said first and second information pieces from said packet;
a first demultiplexing means for conducting error detection on the first header information piece extracted by said header information extraction means, and responsive to detection of no errors, for demultiplexing and outputting said plurality of information data from said packet on the basis of the multiplex code included in said header information piece;
a second demultiplexing means, responsive to detection of an error by said first demultiplexing means, for conducting error correction of said first header information piece and then conducting error detection again, and responsive to detection of no errors, for demultiplexing and outputting said plurality of information data from said packet on the basis of the multiplex code included in said header information piece corrected in error; and
a third demultiplexing means, responsive to detection of an error by said second demultiplexing means, for conducting error detection of said second header information piece, and responsive to detection of no errors, for demultiplexing and outputting said plurality of information data from said packet on the basis of the multiplex code included in said header information piece.', 'when first and second header information pieces having a multiplex code indicating disposition positions in the packet according to said plurality of kinds of information data and error detection and correction code data for detecting and correcting receiving errors of the multiplex code are stored in said packet, and said plurality of information data are stored in positions of said packet indicated by said multiplex code,', 'a header information extraction means for selectively extracting said first and second information pieces from said packet;', 'a first demultiplexing means for conducting error detection on the first header information piece extracted by said header information extraction means, and responsive to detection of no errors, for demultiplexing and outputting said plurality of information data from said packet on the basis of the multiplex code included in said header information piece;', 'a second demultiplexing means, responsive to detection of an error by said first demultiplexing means, for conducting error correction of said first header information piece and then conducting error detection again, and responsive to detection of no errors, for demultiplexing and outputting said plurality of information data from said packet on the basis of the multiplex code included in said header information piece corrected in error; and', 'a third demultiplexing means, responsive to detection of an error by said second demultiplexing means, for conducting error detection of said second header information piece, and responsive to detection of no errors, for demultiplexing and outputting said plurality of information data from said packet on the basis of the multiplex code included in said header information piece.14. An information data demultiplexing apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that said information data demultiplexing apparatus further comprises a fourth demultiplexing means, responsive to detection of an error by said third demultiplexing means, for conducting error correction of said second header information piece and then conducting error detection again, and responsive to detection of no errors, for demultiplexing and outputting said plurality of information data from said packet on the basis of the multiplex code included in said header information piece corrected in error.15. An information data demultiplexing apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that said information data demultiplexing apparatus further comprises a fifth demultiplexing means, responsive to detection of an error by said fourth demultiplexing means, for conducting error correction of said first header information piece and said second header information piece collectively and then conducting error detection again, and responsive to detection of no errors, for demultiplexing and outputting said plurality of information data from said packet on the basis of the multiplex code included in said first or second header information piece corrected in error.16. An information data multiplex transmission system for inserting a plurality of kinds of information data into one packet and conducting multiplex transmission,
characterized in that a transmitting side comprises:
a first encoding means for generating a first parity signal formed of arbitrary elements according to a first encoding rule with respect to a first transmitting signal formed of an arbitrary number of elements;
a first interleaving means for altering order of elements of said first transmitting signal;
a second encoding means for generating a second parity signal formed of arbitrary elements according to a second encoding rule with respect to a second transmitting signal altered in element order by said first interleaving means; and
a means for generating and transmitting a transmitting encoded signal including said first transmitting signal and said first and second parity signals, and
a receiving side comprises:
a means for receiving said transmitting encoded signal, and outputting a received encoded signal including the first received signal, the first received parity signal, and the second parity signal;
a first decoding means for adding an adjustment signal formed of an arbitrary number of elements to said first received signal and said first received parity signal, thereby generating a first decoding input signal, and generating a decoding output signal from said first decoding input signal;
a first amending means for amending said adjustment signal on the basis of said first decoding output signal;
a second interleaving means for conducting interleaving processing on said first received signal, and outputting a second received signal;
a second decoding means for adding said adjustment signal to said second received signal and said second received parity signal, thereby generating a second decoding input signal, and generating a second decoding output signal from said second decoding input signal;
a second amending means for amending said adjustment signal on the basis of said second decoding output signal;
a control means for causing the generation processing of the first decoding output signal in said first decoding means and amending processing of the adjustment signal in said first amending means, and the generation processing of the second decoding output signal in said second decoding means and amending processing of the adjustment signal in said second amending means to be repetitively executed a predetermined number of times; and
a means for setting so as to change said number of times of repetition for specific elements of the first and second received signals.', 'characterized in that a transmitting side comprises:', 'a first encoding means for generating a first parity signal formed of arbitrary elements according to a first encoding rule with respect to a first transmitting signal formed of an arbitrary number of elements;', 'a first interleaving means for altering order of elements of said first transmitting signal;', 'a second encoding means for generating a second parity signal formed of arbitrary elements according to a second encoding rule with respect to a second transmitting signal altered in element order by said first interleaving means; and', 'a means for generating and transmitting a transmitting encoded signal including said first transmitting signal and said first and second parity signals, and', 'a receiving side comprises:', 'a means for receiving said transmitting encoded signal, and outputting a received encoded signal including the first received signal, the first received parity signal, and the second parity signal;', 'a first decoding means for adding an adjustment signal formed of an arbitrary number of elements to said first received signal and said first received parity signal, thereby generating a first decoding input signal, and generating a decoding output signal from said first decoding input signal;', 'a first amending means for amending said adjustment signal on the basis of said first decoding output signal;', 'a second interleaving means for conducting interleaving processing on said first received signal, and outputting a second received signal;', 'a second decoding means for adding said adjustment signal to said second received signal and said second received parity signal, thereby generating a second decoding input signal, and generating a second decoding output signal from said second decoding input signal;', 'a second amending means for amending said adjustment signal on the basis of said second decoding output signal;', 'a control means for causing the generation processing of the first decoding output signal in said first decoding means and amending processing of the adjustment signal in said first amending means, and the generation processing of the second decoding output signal in said second decoding means and amending processing of the adjustment signal in said second amending means to be repetitively executed a predetermined number of times; and', 'a means for setting so as to change said number of times of repetition for specific elements of the first and second received signals.17. A multiplexing apparatus of an information data multiplex transmission system for inserting a plurality of kinds of information data into one packet and conducting multiplex transmission, characterized in that said multiplexing apparatus comprises:
a division means for dividing each of said plurality of kinds of information data into an important part and an unimportant part;
a first error correction encoding means for conducting error correction encoding on said important part resulting from the division in said division means by using a first error correction code;
a header generation means for generating first header information representing a boundary between encoded information data of the important part yielded by said first error correction encoding means and said unimportant data;
a second error correction encoding means for conducting error correction encoding on a new information data group including the encoded information data of the important part yielded by said first error correction encoding means, said first header information, and information data of said unimportant part, by using a second error correction code;
a multiplexing means for inserting encoded information data groups corresponding to said plurality of kinds of information data, yielded by said second error correction encoding means into predetermined positions of said packet, respectively; and
a means for adding second header information representing a multiplexing state to the encoded information data groups multiplexed by said multiplexing means.', 'a division means for dividing each of said plurality of kinds of information data into an important part and an unimportant part;', 'a first error correction encoding means for conducting error correction encoding on said important part resulting from the division in said division means by using a first error correction code;', 'a header generation means for generating first header information representing a boundary between encoded information data of the important part yielded by said first error correction encoding means and said unimportant data;', 'a second error correction encoding means for conducting error correction encoding on a new information data group including the encoded information data of the important part yielded by said first error correction encoding means, said first header information, and information data of said unimportant part, by using a second error correction code;', 'a multiplexing means for inserting encoded information data groups corresponding to said plurality of kinds of information data, yielded by said second error correction encoding means into predetermined positions of said packet, respectively; and', 'a means for adding second header information representing a multiplexing state to the encoded information data groups multiplexed by said multiplexing means.18. A multiplexing apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that:
said header generation means has a function of generating an error detection code for conducting error detection on the first header information; and
said second error correction encoding means conducts error correction encoding on a new information data group including the encoded information data of the important part yielded by said first error correction encoding means, the first header information and the error detection code thereof, and the information data of said unimportant part, by using the second error correction code.', 'said header generation means has a function of generating an error detection code for conducting error detection on the first header information; and', 'said second error correction encoding means conducts error correction encoding on a new information data group including the encoded information data of the important part yielded by said first error correction encoding means, the first header information and the error detection code thereof, and the information data of said unimportant part, by using the second error correction code.19. A multiplexing apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that said multiplexing apparatus further comprises:
an acquisition means for acquiring information representing a quality of a transmission channel; and
an encoding control means for supplying said new information group to said multiplexing means without conducting said second error correction encoding if the quality of the transmission channel acquired by said acquisition means is better than a predetermined quality.', 'an acquisition means for acquiring information representing a quality of a transmission channel; and', 'an encoding control means for supplying said new information group to said multiplexing means without conducting said second error correction encoding if the quality of the transmission channel acquired by said acquisition means is better than a predetermined quality.

20. A demultiplexing apparatus of an information data multiplex transmission system for inserting a plurality of kinds of information data into one packet and conducting multiplex transmission, characterized in that said demultiplexing apparatus comprises:
a demultiplexing means for demultiplexing a plurality of kinds of encoded information data groups inserted in a received packet, on the basis of second header information representing a multiplex state thereof;
a second error correction decoding means for conducting second error correction decoding processing on each of the plurality of kinds of encoded information data groups demultiplexed by said demultiplexing means;
a first error correction decoding means for dividing each of the decoded information data groups yielded by said second error correction decoding means into encoded information data of an important part and decoded information data of an unimportant part on the basis of first header information included in said decoded information data group, and conducting first error correction decoding processing on the encoded information data of the important part; and
a means for reproducing original information data from decoded information data of the important part yielded by said first error correction decoding means and the decoded information data of the unimportant part.', 'a demultiplexing means for demultiplexing a plurality of kinds of encoded information data groups inserted in a received packet, on the basis of second header information representing a multiplex state thereof;', 'a second error correction decoding means for conducting second error correction decoding processing on each of the plurality of kinds of encoded information data groups demultiplexed by said demultiplexing means;', 'a first error correction decoding means for dividing each of the decoded information data groups yielded by said second error correction decoding means into encoded information data of an important part and decoded information data of an unimportant part on the basis of first header information included in said decoded information data group, and conducting first error correction decoding processing on the encoded information data of the important part; and', 'a means for reproducing original information data from decoded information data of the important part yielded by said first error correction decoding means and the decoded information data of the unimportant part.

21. A multiplexing apparatus of an information data multiplex transmission system for inserting a plurality of kinds of information data into one packet and conducting multiplex transmission, characterized in that said multiplexing apparatus comprises:
a division means for dividing each of said plurality of kinds of information data into an important part and an unimportant part;
an error correction encoding means for conducting error correction encoding on said important part resulting from the division in said division means by using an error correction code;
a header generation means for generating first header information representing a boundary between encoded information data of the important part yielded by said error correction encoding means and information data of said unimportant part;
a multiplexing means for inserting new information data each including the encoded information data of the important part yielded by said error correction encoding means, said header information generated by said header generation means, and the information data of said unimportant part, into predetermined positions of said packet, respectively; and
a means for adding second header information representing a multiplexing state thereof to the new information data multiplexed by said multiplexing means and transmitting resulting information data.', 'a division means for dividing each of said plurality of kinds of information data into an important part and an unimportant part;', 'an error correction encoding means for conducting error correction encoding on said important part resulting from the division in said division means by using an error correction code;', 'a header generation means for generating first header information representing a boundary between encoded information data of the important part yielded by said error correction encoding means and information data of said unimportant part;', 'a multiplexing means for inserting new information data each including the encoded information data of the important part yielded by said error correction encoding means, said header information generated by said header generation means, and the information data of said unimportant part, into predetermined positions of said packet, respectively; and', 'a means for adding second header information representing a multiplexing state thereof to the new information data multiplexed by said multiplexing means and transmitting resulting information data.

22. A multiplexing apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that:
said header generation means has a function of generating an error detection code for conducting error detection of the first header information; and
said multiplexing means inserts new information data each including the encoded information data of the important part yielded by said error correction encoding means, the first header information generated by said header generation means, and the information data of said unimportant part, into predetermined positions of said packet, respectively.', 'said header generation means has a function of generating an error detection code for conducting error detection of the first header information; and', 'said multiplexing means inserts new information data each including the encoded information data of the important part yielded by said error correction encoding means, the first header information generated by said header generation means, and the information data of said unimportant part, into predetermined positions of said packet, respectively.

23. A demultiplexing apparatus of an information data multiplex transmission system for inserting a plurality of kinds of information data into one packet and conducting multiplex transmission, characterized in that said demultiplexing apparatus comprises:
a demultiplexing means for demultiplexing a plurality of kinds of information data groups inserted in a received packet, on the basis of second header information representing a multiplex state thereof;
an error correction decoding means for dividing each of the plurality kinds of information data groups demultiplexed by said demultiplexing means into encoded information data of an important part and information data of an unimportant part on the basis of first header information included in said information data group, and conducting error correction decoding processing on the encoded information data of the important part; and
a means for reproducing original information data from decoded information data of the important part yielded by said error correction decoding means and the information data of the unimportant part.', 'a demultiplexing means for demultiplexing a plurality of kinds of information data groups inserted in a received packet, on the basis of second header information representing a multiplex state thereof;', 'an error correction decoding means for dividing each of the plurality kinds of information data groups demultiplexed by said demultiplexing means into encoded information data of an important part and information data of an unimportant part on the basis of first header information included in said information data group, and conducting error correction decoding processing on the encoded information data of the important part; and', 'a means for reproducing original information data from decoded information data of the important part yielded by said error correction decoding means and the information data of the unimportant part.']